Arc-lamp.



A. BLONDEL.

ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.1'5, 1906.

Patented May 16, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. BLONDE-L.

' ARGLAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 15, 1906.

Patented May 16, 1911,

3 BHEETS-8HEET 2.

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Ti if A. BLONDEL.

ARC LAMP. A'BPLIGATION FILED 3111.15, 1906.

Patented May 16 1911.

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UNITED STATES PATENT onrion ANDRE BLONDEL, or PARIS, FRA CE, rissrenon,ErMEsNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A coEroEArIoN or N WYQEK.

' v sac-NAME Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 16, 1911.

To all'whomfit may concern:

' Be 'it known that ,I, ANDRE BLONDEL, a citizen of the Republic ofFrance, residing at 41 Avenue de lav Bourdonna'is, Paris, France, haveinvented' a new and useful Improvement in :Arc-Lamps, 'which im-'provement is fully set forth in the following specification.

'. Carbons .or electrodes contalning mineral substances are consumedless quickly in an arc lamp when a closed globe is employed, and asgreat advantages from the point of view of length of working areobtained as with ordinary carbons, but perfectly satisfactory resultshave hitherto not been obtained by reason'of the lack of sufficientlygoodmeans for aspirating. and condensing the fumes as they-are producedand also be.- cause the path of the fumes in the globe has not been so,limited as to prevent deposit upon the said globe.

-In'a lampin which carbons impregnated with-light giving salts are used,solid prodfor nets of combustion are evolved from the arc usually in theform of rather copious white fumes, and attempts to inclose such an archave-usually resulted in the deposit 'of the fumes upon the globe, andthis obstructed the light and seriously decreased the efficiency, of thelamp.

My invention consists .in providing in an 'inclosed lamp of thischaracter-a conduit for the gases evolved from the arc in which thegases are received at a point just above the arc and which returns themto the arc space at a point below the arc; and during this portiorroftheir travel the gases are confined to the conduit and kept out ofcontact with the globe. For the purpose Ofcreating and malntaining acirculation of the gases, I

may either rely upon the natural draft pro-.

duced in the circulatory system by the heat of the arc,-or I may providean artificial means for producing such'a draft, the choice dependinglargely upon the character of the impregnated electrodes and-of thecirculatory system itself. Under certain conditions, it is desirable toplace a filtering means ,within the circulatory system and under theseconditions, particularly, I find it desirable to provide the artificialmeans producing the draft. It is to be'understoo however, that theessence ofmy insystem for'the gases, in which the gases are received andled from a point just above the arc-to the space below the are by a.conduit or conduits distinct from. the globe'and in which deposit maytake place.

In the drawings Figure 1 shows a partial vertical section, but ratherdiagrammatically, of a lamp embodying my invention; Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 and6 arelike views of modifications of the structure shown in Fig. 1; Fig.7 shows a like view of another modification in which the artificialmeansfor producing a draft are dispensed with; Fig. 8 shows a diagram ofmy invention applied to an arc lamp'in which converging electrodes areemployed; Figs. 9 and 10 are vertical sectional views showing somewhatmore in detail the arc lamp structures of Figs. 1

and 7 respectively; Fig. 11 is a horizontal .reference numerals 6 and '7respectively,

while the rods for guiding the bars of the upper and lower carboncarriers are represented by the numerals 8 and 9. A cover 10 closes theupper portion of-the combustion chamber, the said cover being carried byfixed rods and provided, if desired, with an economizer 11, through thecenter of which the upper electrode passes.

To the cover 10 is fixed by-means of suitable attachments 12 the globe13 which forms an air tight joint with the cover 10.

Above and surrounding the arc is arranged a reflector 14: and an annularchamber 15 provided if necessary with suitable precipitating means such,for example, as the baffles and filters, indicated in Fig. 2, in orderto cause the deposit of the densest fumes. From this chamber 15' startsa suitablenumber of tubes such as 16 (see Figs.

' vention.

containing if desired mineralsubstances 39 which absorb nitrous vapors;Suction is causedby a fan 40 driven by an electric motor 41 arrangedabove the box at their outlet from the fan, the purified gases are ledby one or more tubes, such as 42, inside the globe beneath the arethrough a sleeve 24 surrounding the lower electrode, as in Fig. 1.

In order to simplify Figs'l, 2, 3 and 9, thereis only one suction pipe(16,34) and one return pipe (17, 42) is shown, but in general, forreasons of symmetry and in order to avoid displacing the arc to one sideor the other by a current of air, it is more advantageous to employ twoor more suction pipes arranged symmetrically with respect to the axisfofthe carbons and two or more downward tubes also symmetrically ar;-ranged between the preceding. This does notin any way alterthe principleof the in- This arrangement is shown in Fig. 12. In the same manner, thefan and the suction chambers may be placed below the boxcontaining themechanism; but in general this arrangement presents a few morediiiiculties than the preceding because 'of the'presence of the rods andchains of the carbon carriers; it is applicable preferably as shown 1nFigs. 4 and 5 1n the case where a central condensing tube 1s used,for

. p example when the upper carbon electrode is replaced by a fixed metalelectrode. Fig. 4

shows an arrangement of this type: the metal or graphite electrode 43which serves.

' p as a fixed positive or negative pole according to the arrangementemployed, is supported at the center of a tube 44 situated above the arcand also central with respect to an airtight a-cket 45 the lower portionof the electrode may or may not be surrounded by an economizer orreflector 46; the fumes pass through suitable orifices 47 into thecentral tube 44 (which may be provided with metal baffles 48, filters'49or purifying mineral substances 50) through which they rise by reason ofthe suction of the fan 40 which is driven by its electric motor 41; thefumes now again pass downward (if desired through other filters such as51, through separate tubes or through an annular space comprised between44 and 45) and enter inside the globe through an orifice 24 situatednear. to the arc, In this arrangement the lower electrode 7 which isalone movable, is controlled by a rod 52 protected throughout by anairtight sheath 53 in such a manner that it cannot be exposed to theaction of the fumes. p

The central tube arrangement also be combined with a fan placed beneaththe globe, as shownlin Fig. 5, in which the fan 54 is arrangedsubstantially as in Fig. 1. The fumes rise through the tube 44 (whichserves at the sam time to condense and purify the gases) and again passdownward through the tube 55, traversing the electrically driven fan 54andfinish by condensing in the deposit box 56 and are led to the orifice24 through the pipe 57. In this figure, as in all the preceding, thedownward tubes may themselves be filled with baflles, filters, metalgauze or purifying substances for the physical or chemical "cleaning ofthe gases. Lastly the space surrounding the gases circulating in the arcmay be closed by a cup 58 of glass or other transparent substance, as

shown in Fig. 3, thus limiting the volume of oxygen which can attack theelectrodes when the arc is first lighted.

Fig. 6 shows another arrangement for returning the dirty gases into theare. For this purpose the tubes which return these gases from thecondensing chamber (for example the tube 57 in Fig. 5) are replaced by aflexible union 59 which terminates around the lower end of the carbon 7;this carbon is provided with a longitudinal hole, through which thegases escape directly into the arc. I

In all the preceding it has been supposed that a fan is employed, but incertain cases it may to a certaindegree be dispensed with by greatlyincreasing the cooling surface of the condensing chambers and byarranging in the interior a partition very opaque to heat. @Fig. 7 showsan arrangement of this type. The condensing chamber 29 is greatlyincreased in height, and the filtering arrangements are dispensed with,in order that there may be no obstacle to the circulation of the gases;for the purpose of clean-. ing the chamber 29, the baffles 31 may be removed from beneath at the same time as the tubes 16 leading the gasesdownward although the chamber is fixed to the lamp and fills so to speaka portion of the space contained in the globe. I v

Fig. 12 is a modification of Fig. 11 showing two pairs of pipes forconducting the gases downwardly and upwardly respectively. As before,gases are led from around the are by one or more connecting tubesopening out to an annular orifice 24 or to a flexible union as shown inFig. 6.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim is:

1. In an arc lamp of the character described, the combination with theelectrodes between which the arc is formed, and the inclosing globe, ofa conduit in which the gases circulate and deposit solid products ofcombustion, said conduit having an opening above the arc to receive thegases and an exit below the arc to return the gases where- 'by the gasescirculate without coming into contact with the inclosing globe.

2. In an arc lamp, the combination with the electrodes between which thearc is formed, of a substantially air tight transw parent or translucentenvelop for said are, of a conduitjfor the gases evolved at the are,leading from a point above the arc to a point below the arc, in whichthe gases are confined, whereby said gases circulate without coming intocontact with the walls of said envelop.

3. In an arc lamp of the character described, the combination with theelectrodes between which the arc is formed, and the inclosing globe; oi.purifying means, and means for conducting the gases from the are throughthe purifying means and back to the arc and preventing them from comingin contact with said inclos'ing globe.

4:. In an arc lamp of the character described, the combination with theelectrodes between which the arc is formed, and the inclosing globe;v ofpurifying means, and a conduit includ'ingsald purifying means, saidconduit separate and distinct from said inclosing globe and having itsinlet and discharge ends in the immediate vicinity of'tlge' arc, wherebythe gases from the are are con a eeame ducted through the purifyingmeans and returned to the arc, and isolated from the inclosing globe.

5. In an arc lamp of the character described, the combination'with theelectrodes between which the arc is formed and the inclosing globe; ofpurifying means, mechanical circulating means, and a conduit includingsaid purifying means, said conduit being separate and distinct from saidinclosing globe and having its inlet and discharge ends in the immediatevicinity of the arc whereby the gases from the are are conductedthrou'ghthe purifying means and returned to the arc and isolated fromthe inclosing globe.

In testimony whereof I have signedthis specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

ANDRE BLONDEL.

of this patent maybe obtained for five cents each, by addressing theCommissioner of Patents Washington, D. G. I

